[China Glass Net] The self-explosion of tempered glass is the main reason that affects its safety performance. The non-vitreous material (such as nickel sulfide) particles inside the tempered glass will cause the tempered glass to self-explosion. This substance is brought into the impurities in the raw materials for producing glass. glass. Some nickel sulfide particles change their crystal structure from the α state to the β state over a period of time, during which the volume of the nickel sulfide particles expands to a large extent. This volume expansion process forms a strong internal stress of the tempered glass, causing the tempered glass to self-explosion.
Due to its superior performance, tempered glass has been used on a large scale in modern buildings, and its self-explosive properties have plagued the entire industry. At present, most enterprises control the self-explosion rate of tempered glass to less than 1.5‰. After the treatment of the homogenized furnace equipment, the self-explosion rate of tempered glass drops to less than one ten thousandth. Therefore, the equipment can greatly enhance the tempered glass. Safety performance, broad prospects for use.
Process principle Tempered glass homogenizing furnace is a safety device for indirect tempered glass. After the glass is finished tempering, it enters the homogenizing furnace. Through the high-temperature heating principle of the homogenizing furnace, the detonation test is carried out and the residual nickel sulfide is eliminated, and there will be “self-explosionâ€. Hidden danger, that is, the tempered glass with uneven internal stress in the glass is detonated in advance during the test, thereby avoiding the “self-explosion†of the tempered glass after installation, and the pass rate of the tempered glass after homogenization will be greatly improved, thereby improving the tempering of the building. The safety and reliability of the glass.
Nickel sulfide inside the tempered glass is always present in the glass as non-vitrical material particles, and is a major factor causing the self-explosion of the tempered glass. The nickel sulfide is brought into the glass by impurities in the raw material for producing glass (quartz sand, silica powder, etc.). Some of the nickel sulfide particles change their crystal structure from the α state to the β state over a period of time, during which the volume of the nickel sulfide particles is greatly expanded. This volume expansion process forms a strong internal stress of the tempered glass, causing the tempered glass to self-explosion. The glass self-explosive nickel sulfide is directly between 0.04 mm and 0.65 mm, and the average particle diameter is 0.2 mm.
Because of the crystal form transformation of nickel sulfide, the volume is increased, and the self-explosion caused by it will locally produce radioactive cracks. As shown in Fig. 1, if the glass remains in the frame after being broken, it is easier to find one at the starting point of the fracture. The pattern characteristic of the "butterfly" shape, from the "butterfly spot" produced in the glass fragments after the explosion, is seen at an angle of 45 degrees, and it is easy to see a small black spot in the "heart" of the glass. It is between the cracks, and the direction of the glass crack from the blast damage spreads from the center to the periphery.
Homogenization treatment (also known as hot dip treatment) for secondary heating and annealing of tempered glass is an effective method for solving the problem of self-explosion. The tempered glass is heated again to about 290-300 degrees Celsius, and after a certain period of time, the temperature is slowly lowered, so that the nickel sulfide particles in the tempered glass complete the crystal phase transformation in the homogenization treatment, so that the glass which may be self-explosive is broken in advance in the factory. The method can effectively reduce the self-explosion rate of the tempered glass after leaving the factory, improve the yield, and reduce the impact of transportation, installation and rework on subsequent processes caused by self-explosion. At present, the domestic use of forced convection type electric heating hot dip furnace to treat tempered glass. In the existing tempered glass homogenizing furnace, the heating box is mostly located at the top or the back of the furnace body, and the hot air is sent through the air duct to the tempered glass to be homogenized in the furnace, and the hot air is passed through the tempered glass room. The gap is sucked back to the fan and is continuously repeated, so that the tempered glass is heated to the rated temperature and kept at a constant temperature for a long time, and the purpose of detonating the tempered glass which has the hidden danger of "self-explosion" has been achieved. However, the inadequacy is that the temperature uniformity is poor, the energy consumption is large, the maintenance and cleaning are inconvenient, and the production brings many inconveniences.
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