Adhere to the craftsmanship, inherit and carry forward the traditional stone carving skills

Nowadays, Quyang sculpture has developed rapidly, and mechanization, commercialization and large-scale production have become popular. However, it should be worthy of our efforts to "hold on the craftsmanship, carry forward the traditional stone carving skills of Quyang and protect the intangible cultural heritage of Chinese stone carving art". note.

I. Engraving techniques and basic techniques

(1) Quyang traditional stone carving skills basically have five processes: conception, material selection, land reclamation, modeling, knife, and polishing.

Lu Jinqiao's stone carving skills, the first, second, and the process can be indiscriminate, according to the existing stone shape, size, design works, commonly known as the material industry, is the process of designing the side, this process Including the active factors, according to the size of the stone, the shape, the trend of the grain, the pre-designed works of the stone structure also include the unpredictability defects of the material after the main body shape is determined, and the mistakes caused by the engraving mistakes can cause the failure of the work, which can be re-created according to the actual situation. Design and modify the sculpt method of styling. Throughout the engraving process, the author must always have this sober creative concept carving process until the work is completed. The human factor is the main, active, and there is no chapter method, and will not be constrained by small mistakes in materials and sculpture. This is also a major feature of Lushi carving. The third process is to remove large excess parts with large steel brazing according to the modeling requirements. Large stone carvings must also be wedged (see tool introduction). The basic contouring works are roughed out, and the fourth step is to engrave the detailed shape with a smaller drill. The fifth process is to use the claws and the knives to carry out detailed processing. The knives are required to be smooth, the lines are smooth, no white spots are left, the knives and the knives are not heavy, the concave circular knives and the square knives. The sixth process is polished. After the carving of the work, the hair retains the effect of the knife. The other parts are firstly polished by the coarse and fine sand wheels, then polished with the fine sand cloth, and then polished to the light with the bottom layer.

(two), tool introduction

1, stone breaking tools and methods, wedge - 8 to 12 cm long flat, one slightly thin, steel braze - diameter 3 cm to 1 cm, length 70----25 cm, 10 cm Long with long sleeve (horn head), hand hammer 1-2 kg, pound hammer 8-10 kg, 椐 use to break the stone, first put the line, according to the length and length into several points, easy to open the layer, less faults , cut into a depth of 5 cm wedge nest, put it into the iron wedge, and then use the hammer to force the weight to open, to open. Essentials: According to the thickness of the stone to be opened, the depth of the wedge is soft and hard, and the length is determined according to the depth of the depth. According to the thickness of the iron wedge, the wedge is placed in the wedge and the wedge has a gap between the wedge and the bottom. Otherwise, there is no support, the hammer rebounds and flies out and hurts people. This method can be opened in a straight line, the arc is opened, and the layer is opened. After the skill is skillful, the large stone carving can be used to achieve twice the result with half the effort and improve the work efficiency. Now replaced by drilling machine, expanded cement, stone saw.

2, to the waste tools, steel brazed - diameter 3 cm to 1 cm, length 7-25 cm, 10 cm long with a long ferrule (horn head) hand hammer 1-2 kg. Tool making method, take 3 cm diameter to 1 public steel, 40-60 minutes, put one into the fire, burn red, remove the tip of the hand with a hammer, and then burn it into the fire, take it out and put it into the cold water to take it out. The heat is returned to the tip of the semi-centimeter, and the tip is placed upright into the brazing pool. The pool has half a centimeter of water to maintain the tip of the soldering iron. It can be used after it is completely cooled. Commonly known as water brazing or steel brazing, it can be used repeatedly. The loss is too short and the long sleeve (horn) is replaced by 180 marble machine.


3, shaping tools, alloy brazing, length 30 cm, diameter 0. 5-0. 3 kinds of specifications. Cut the rebar with strong toughness of the corresponding specifications into a section of about 20 cm, heat it to redness at high temperature, take out one end and flatten it to the appropriate width, and then fully heat it up and take it out, and open it in the middle of the flat end for about 2 cm long. The gap is embedded in the middle of the tungsten carbide tip, and then the brazing head and the brazing body are welded firmly by the copper welding process, and finally the rounded or pointed blade is polished as needed and finally completed.

4, knife tool, knife tool manufacturing method and process are basically the same as the shaping tool, but the alloy head should be ground into a flat shape for easy use; claws: cut the corresponding specifications of the toughness of the rebar A section of about 20 cm, heated to a red color at a high temperature, and the end is flattened to a suitable width, and then fully heated and then taken out, and a gap of 2 to 3 lengths of about 2 cm is opened in the middle of the flat end, and tungsten carbide is embedded in the middle. The cutter head, and then the copper welding process is used to weld the cutter head and the brazing body firmly, and finally the round or pointed blade is polished as needed and finally completed. This tool is also widely used in the production of "texture effects".
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