The fur printing is the process of forming the color pattern on the fur by using the dyestuff or paint through the printing plate and through the physical and chemical reaction. For example, the rabbit skin, the rex rabbit skin, the suede skin, the sheep shearing skin and the like can imitate the leopard cat, the leopard, and the tiger. Patterns and other patterns or plant patterns can be used to make collars, hats, clothing, trims and more. These printing products are very popular in domestic and foreign markets.
The printing of the suede printing machine and the printing on the hand, this article focuses on the hand-printing, the tools used are mainly printing plates, roll (or scraper) and brush. Printing plate production requires a large metal frame or a plastic frame or a wooden frame to be stretched with a nylon (or polyester) wire mesh.
When printing, the color paste is scraped through the mesh and printed on the fur. In order to reduce the cost, it can also be cut into blanks using materials such as tinplate, zinc plate, and plastic plate. When printing, the printing plate is covered on the fur, the color paste is drawn with a brush, and the desired pattern is obtained on the fur by brushing on the printing plate. The printing plate specification depends on the product condition. The large printing plate is similar to the size of a suede tweezers (120cm*62cm). It can also be used for a single-leaf printing with a rabbit-like printing plate. When imitation tiger stripes need to be first dyed background color, preparation of a single color paste, imitation leopard also must first dye the background color, need to be equipped with two kinds of color paste, two printing plates (flower core board, black circle plate), imitation plant pattern flower heart is pink Or about color, the leaves are green or black, whether it is the center color, or the outer ring color, the color paste material consists of dyes () or paints, pastes, additives, hair-preserving agents, coloring agents and fixing agents, etc. .
1, printing category
1.1 Direct printing
1.1.1 Screen Printing Use low-drying dyes such as oxidative dyes, TIPPING DYES, BRUSHING DYES, and print on the quilt through double boards or boards.
1.1.2 stencil plate printing Cover the plate on the quilt or on the leather plate, and apply the sizing agent to the fur with a brush.
1.2 fade printing The printing plate is covered on the quilt, and the discoloration liquid (made of H2O2) ammonia water, wool-preserving agent, and auxiliary agent is prepared. Brushing on the quilt is to obtain the desired pattern.
1.3 pull out white printing
1.3.1 dyeing with acid dyes with LOWACENE DYES, LOWACENE ASSIST BH, LEVEL A, formic acid, water dubbed stains, temperature 60-65 degrees Celsius, time 2h.
1.3.2 Cover the plate with the dyed wool.
BLEACH LCN-1 or LCN-3110g.
Formic Acid 400ml Water 500ml
Scrub or spray the whitener onto the blank board.
1. 4 smooth hair leather printing on the smooth surface of the leather surface, the material liquid (direct dyes, metal complex dyes, resins, etc.) with a brush or spray printing method.
1.5 Rolling embossing produces uneven patterns (regular or irregular) on the surface of the leather, such as crocodile patterns, clear patterns, and the like, through a flower board or embossing machine.
1, 6 transfer printing first printing paste with printing on paper, printed into a transfer paper, and then transfer the front of the paper and the leather surface closely in a certain temperature, pressure, pressure for a certain time, the paper The flower shape on the transfer to the surface.
2, dye screening
The following points should generally be considered when selecting printing dyes:
(1) Color Matching Performance of Dyestuffs When printing, it is necessary to select dyes with similar properties for color matching. That is, the affinity and diffusion rate of the skin fibers are similar, so that the color shade can be effectively controlled.
(2) Leveling performance Relatively speaking, a certain dye has a higher affinity on the skin fibers, a lower diffusion rate, and poor migration, which inevitably results in a leveling agent to solve the leveling problem. When printing, this problem is not significant, as long as you consider the use of level dyes.
(3) Fastness indexes Acid dyes, oxidative dyes, TIPPING DYES and BRUSHING DYES are different in the effect of printing on the quilt. If acid dyes are used, due to temperature and other conditions can not meet the requirements, the dye can not be diffused and combined inside the fibers. But can only be adsorbed on the surface of the wool fiber, the various fastness indicators can not be discussed, it should not be used, oxidation dyes, TIPPING DYES, etc. can be combined with wool fibers at low temperatures, suitable for fur printing.
(4) Dye uptake performance Dye uptake performance Liu's dyes can be printed in dark colors. Conversely, only light colors can be printed. The amount of neutral dyes is large. Instead of relying on salt bonds, it also depends on hydrogen bonding. And Van der Waals force, so you can use it to print dark.
To sum up, it is best to use direct dyes or liquid ganchaola dyes for leather printing. Only aminated dyes, TPPING DYES, and BRUSHING DYES can be used for hair prints.
3, screening of paste
Printing paste has a very close relationship with the printing effect. The selected paste must meet the following requirements: the compatibility of paste and dye, auxiliaries is better; the dispersibility of paste in water is greater; the water content of paste must be small; The adhesiveness of the material to the fiber is better; the paste must have a moderate wettability; the ease of cleaning of the paste is better.
In printing paste, it is necessary to add a certain amount of paste, and its role is to transfer chemical materials such as dyes and auxiliaries to the skin to prevent the pattern from seepage. When the color is fixed, the paste is easily washed away. There are many kinds of printing pastes, and pastes that can meet the printing process requirements must be selected. In dyeing, water is the dispersion medium of the dye, and in the printing, the paste becomes the dispersion medium of the dye, so the paste is dispersed and aggregated, resulting in uneven printing. Also consider the nature of the paste, which should not react with acids, oxidants, etc. At present, commonly used pastes include starch and its products, gums, sodium alginate, and cellulose derivatives.
During the test, only comparative tests were conducted on starch, gum arabic, SX glue, and thickener 44.
There are two components of amylose and amylopectin in starch granules. The former is a chain molecule and the latter is a branched chain molecule. The basic chain is a-glucose in glucose. However, the properties of the two are different. Amylopectin is not easily hydrolyzed and can be suspended in water and heated to absorb water and swell, making it a highly viscous suspension. Amylose is easily hydrolyzed. After heated and expanded into a colloid, viscosity and permeability are inferior to amylopectin. In different starches, the contents of amylopectin differ greatly. The content of amylopectin in wheat starch accounts for 15%, and the content of amylopectin in potatoes accounts for 1%-2%. The majority of glutinous rice is amylopectin. Because the end of the starch molecule has a hidden ligand, it has reducibility. When the degree of polymerization is high, the reducibility is not obvious. When the degree of molecular polymerization is reduced, the reducibility is continuously enhanced. When the hair is added to the oxidant after printing, if the starch paste is used, the oxidizing agent will be used. After the oxidizing agent is used, the oxidizing agent will be used. If the starch paste is used, the redox reaction will start, and a large amount of oxidant will be consumed, and the dye will be affected. The combination of fibers is even pale. Therefore, starch pastes should not be used when printing with oxidation dyes.
The thickening agent 44 was used as an oxidation dye printing paste. The paste does not react with the oxidizing agent and the printing effect is good, but after the printing is fixed, the paste is difficult to be washed off. This paste can be applied, but it is a waste of money.
The SX glue is tested, the printing effect is good, does not react with the oxidant and the dye, the paste is easy to wash off after the printing is fixed, and is suitable for the oxidation dye printing.
The gum arabic (powder) is used for printing with BRUSHING DYES. The color is even and the printing effect is good. The acid does not lose its viscosity. Because of its high price, it is practically not used.
4, the printing step
4.1 Selection of materials According to the sample and the user's requirements, select raw materials that meet the process and user requirements for imitation. For example, yellow wolf skin imitation water fleas, dry fleas imitation water fleas, from the appearance of the hair to be imagined, Rex rabbit skin, lamb shear leather can be imitation leopard flowers. Raw materials can only be printed on the skin, but also on the rough raw skin. It is necessary to remove hairs, needles, hairs, hairs, turtles, broken boards, rotten boards and other defects. Be removed.
4.2 raw skin preparation
4.2.1 Pretreatment printing The fur used for printing is often colored with different shades. The color is related to the color of the fur to be imitated. Therefore, the hair should be treated before printing, such as bleaching or discoloration. Before bleaching, the fur is first treated with formaldehyde (reclamation) so that the skin can resist the effect of hydrogen peroxide.
4.2.2 Dyeing background color For natural white fur or faded suede, it must be brushed or dyed to a color similar to the background color of the suede to be imitated.
4.3 Printing is the key process of imitation, and the quality of the printing determines the imitation effect. Replica leopards, the center color is deeper than the background, the outer ring is black, need to plate printing and dyeing. Chemical materials include oxidation dyes, SX adhesives, penetrants, wool retention agents MF-3, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide. Before the printing, it is necessary to use a brush to smooth the hair. After the center color is printed, the outer ring is printed black. The scrapings should be even and then dried.
4.4 Debris The deep-colored hair is printed. The problem of degreasing in water washing is not significant. However, when the base color of the hair is white, the suede printing must be carefully treated to prevent contamination.
4.5 Sawdust (wooden rake)
Roll the fur with a drum, sawdust, and brightener to loosen, lighten, and remove floating color.
4.6 Printing Precautions (1) After the printing paste is properly prepared, add an appropriate amount of preservative, otherwise it will be rancid and deteriorated after being left for a long time.
(2) Paste preparation should not be too dilute, leaving room for adding moderate dye water, that is, if the paste is very thin, it becomes thinner after adding dye water and cannot be printed.
(3) Defoamers may be added if bubbles, dyes, and other materials are added.
(4) If there are two printing plates that require color registration, attention should be paid to the alignment of the two printing plates to prevent misalignment of the pattern. After the first printing, it should be dried and then color-coded to prevent contamination.
(5) When printing, it is best to push by a special person to prevent mistakes or uneven force, so as to avoid different patterns.
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